• [ ] What are the 4 stages of HIV?

• [ ] When giving antiretrovirals, what combination of drugs is given? (Answer: 2 nRTI drugs and a 3rd agent (ex. NNRTI, protease inhibitor, integrase inhibitor))

• [ ] NOTE: Takes 3 weeks for HIV antibody test to be positive

• [ ] HIV/AIDS Drugs:

  • Antiviral
    • MOA: blocks the activity of the polymerase enzyme
    • Contraindications: most well tolerated w/ few exceptions
    • Interactions: occur mostly with IV and oral admin
  • Antiretroviral (ART) → What are the 5 classes
    • Fusion Inhibitors - specifically Zidovudine
    • Entrance Inhibitor - specifically
    • Revere Transcriptase Inhibitor
      • NucleoSIDE RTI - Tenofovir
      • NucleoTIDE RTI
      • Non-nucleotide RT - Efavirenz
  • Integrease Inhibitor - Raltegravir
  • Protease Inhibitor - Atazanavir
    • NOTE: What is a potential complication of note! (Answer: Osteoporosis)

• [ ] How long are antiretrovirals taken for? What do they work to do? (life; reduce viral load so transmission is impossible)

• [ ] What is PrEP?

• [ ] How many doses of PrEP do you get for rectal tissue? For vaginal tissue?

• [ ] What is PEP?

• [ ] What drugs would you give someone on PEP? (Answer: Tenofovir, Lamivudine, Raltegarvir)

• [ ] When is HIV tested for? (Answer: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, & 3 months post)

• [ ] What is TasP? What are the 5 steps of TasP?

• [ ] What are the 9 Opportunistic Infections to Know?

  • Esophageal/oral candidiasis
  • Herpes Simplex
  • Hepatitis B
  • Influenza Virus
  • Varicella
  • PJP
  • Kaposi’s Sarcoma
  • Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)
  • Castleman’s Disease

Autoimmune Drug Summary:

graph LR
  A(Autoimmune Treatment) --> I(Immunosuppressant Therapy) --> T(Transplant Drugs)
														  I(Immunosuppressant Therapy) --> G(Glucocorticoids RA+SLE)
																															T(Transplant Drugs) --> X(Azathioprine Sodium)
																															T(Transplant Drugs) --> Y(Cyclosporin)
																															T(Transplant Drugs) --> Z(Tacrolimus)
  A(Autoimmune Treatment) --> B(Biological Response Modifiers & Antiheumatics) --> D(DMARD)--> Methotrexate
																																									D(DMARD)--> 7(Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate)
															B(Biological Response Modifiers & Antiheumatics) --> J(Immunomodulating Drugs)--> p(Interferons)
																																									J(Immunomodulating Drugs) --> 4(Interleukins)
																																									J(Immunomodulating Drugs) --> 3(M.A.B.S)

• [ ] SLE Drugs:
  • NSAIDs
    • Used in patients with polyarthralgia/polyarthritis
  • DMARDs
    • Non-biological & biological
    • Ex. Hydrocloroquine, methotrexate
    • They have anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic and immonomodulating affects
  • Corticosteroids
  • Immunosuppressant Therapy
• [ ] RA/JIA Drugs
  • NSAIDs
    • Promote comfort; potential GI/renal complications
  • DMARDs
    • Methotrexate reduce clinical symptoms for days-weeks
  • Immunomodulators
  • Corticosteroids
  • Interleukins → used with DMARDs
• [ ] SCID Drugs:
  • IVIG infusions
  • PJP Prophylaxis